2190 Courses in Nottingham

ESSENTIAL 5G TRAINING COURSE DESCRIPTION This course is designed to give delegates an explanation of the technologies and interworking requirements of the next generation of cellular communications. It is not a definitive set of descriptions but a possibility of the final deployment. we will investigate the 10 pillars for 5G which will include various Radio Access Technologies that are required to interwork smoothly. We will look at the 4G Pro features and other RATs. WHAT WILL YOU LEARN * List the ten pillars of 5G deployment. * Describe the 5G Internet. * Explain virtualization and RAT virtulization. * Describe Software Defined Networks (SDN). * Explain carrier aggregation. * Describe the mobile cloud. * Explain an overall picture of 5G architecture. ESSENTIAL 5G TRAINING COURSE DETAILS * Who will benefit: Anyone looking for an understanding of the technologies and interworking requirements of the next generation of cellular communications. * Prerequisites: None. * Duration 3 days ESSENTIAL 5G TRAINING COURSE CONTENTS * Drivers for 5G 5G Road Map, 10 Pillars of 5G, evolving RATs, oSON, MTCm, mm-wave, backhaul, EE, new spectrum, spectrum sharing, RAN virtualisation. * 4G LTE Advanced MIMO technology in release 8, Downlink & uplink MIMO R8, MIMO technology in LTE advanced, Downlink 8-layer SU-MIMO, Downlink MU-MIMO, Uplink MU-MIMO, Uplink transmit diversity, Coordinated multi-point operation (CoMP), Independent eNB & remote base station configurations, Downlink CoMP. * ICIC & eICIC ICIC, Homogeneous to heterogeneous network evolution, Introduction to eICIC, Macro-pico scenario, Macro-femto scenario, Time orthogonal frequencies. Almost Blank Subframe (ABS). * Carrier aggregation Component carriers (CC), CC aggregation deployments, Intra-band contiguous solutions, Intra-band non-contiguous solutions, Inter-band non-contiguous solutions, CA bandwidth classes, Aggregated transmission bandwidth configurations (ATBC), Possible carrier aggregation configs. * eIMTA TDD UL-DL reconfig. for traffic adaptation, Reconfig. mechanisms, Interference mitigation schemes, Dynamic & flexible resource allocation. * 5G architectures 5G in Europe, horizon 2020 framework, 5G infrastructure PPP, METIS project, 5G in North America, academy research, company R&D, 5G specifications. * The 5G internet High-level view of Cloud Services, The Internet of Things & context awareness, Network reconfiguration & virtualization support, server proliferation, how VMs fix underutilised server problem, enter the hypervisor, why are VM such a big deal? SDN, evolution of the data centre network, high availability, low latency, scalability, security, cost model explodes, service-oriented API. OpenFlow switches, OpenFlow controllers, how SDN works. The big picture, pulling it all together, why the network had to change, how SDN & NFV tie together. Evolutionary approach to the internet, architectures for distributed mobility management, MEDIEVAL & MEDIVO projects, a clean slate approach, mobility first architecture. VNet, INM, NetInf, ForMux, MEEM. Generic Path (GP) & anchorless mobility (AM), Quality of Service support, network resource provisioning, resourcing inside a network. IntServ, RSVP, DiffServ, CoS. Emerging approach for resource over- provisioning, example use case architecture for scalable resource control scenarios in the 5G internet. Integrating SDN/NFV for efficient resource over-reservation control, control information repository, service admission control policies, network resource provisioning, control enforcement functions, network configurations & operations. * Small cells for 5G Average spectral efficiency evolution, WiFi & Femto cells, Capacity limits. Achievable gains with densifications, multi-antenna techniques, small cells. Mobile data demand, approach & methodology, subscriber density and traffic demand projections to 2020. Demand versus capacity, global mobile data traffic increase modelling, country level backhaul traffic projections, Small cell challenges, backhaul, spectrum, automation. * Cooperation for next gen wireless networks Diversity & relaying strategies, cooperation & network coding, ARQ & MAC protocols, NCCARQ & PRCSMA packet exchange, Physical layer impact on MAC protocol analysis, NCCARQ overview, PHY layer impact, Case study on NCCARQ. * Mobile clouds Mobile cloud, Mobile cloud enablers, mobile user domain, wireless technologies, WWAN WLAN and WPAN range, Bluetooth, IEEE.802.15.4 & software stacks, infrared, near field communications (NFC). Network coding, store & forward vs compute & forward, linear network coding, random linear coding. * Security for 5G communications Potential 5G communication systems architectures, Security issues & challenges. Mobile malware attacks targeting the UE, 5G mobile botnets, access networks, attacks on 4G networks, C-RNTI & packet sequence number based UE location tracking, false buffer status reports attacks, message insertion attacks, HeNB attacks, physical attacks, credential attacks, configuration and protocol attacks, attacks on MON, user data & identity attacks, mobile operator's core network, DDoS attacks targeting MON, signalling amplification, HSS saturation, external IP networks.

VOICE OVER LTE TRAINING COURSE DESCRIPTION This course provides a basic understanding of the 3G LTE Air Interface, SAE, as well as Voice over LTE options and LTE Advanced features. Investigating the standards for the EPS , formulated by the 3GPP standards body, the course will set out to examine and explain the 4G environment from user equipment to border gateway and beyond. This course will ensure the delegate has a grasp of all aspects of the current global deployments, the next steps in upgrades and the promise of things to come. WHAT WILL YOU LEARN * Describe the complete EPC architecture. * Explain the use of QoS within the air interface & core network. * Explore the features of LTE advanced. * Describe the various methods of supporting voice services with 3G LTE. * Describe IMS structure and control entities. * Explain an IMS session. VOICE OVER LTE TRAINING COURSE DETAILS * Who will benefit: Any engineers who are assisting in the deployment of voice services within their LTE networks. * Prerequisites: Intro to Data comms & networking Telecommunications Introduction * Duration 3 days VOICE OVER LTE TRAINING COURSE CONTENTS * 3GPP standards body Release 8 - Release 12, Supported and expected features. * The EPC revisited EPC revisited 3G LTE & EPC Architecture, NB, MME, SGW, PDNGW, PCRF, Interworking capabilities, Protocol stack explored, NAS signalling, Default EPS bearer, Slot allocation algorithms, Scheduling algorithms, Quality of Service requirements, Dedicated EPS bearers. * VoLTE deployment strategies Common networks everywhere, GSM/WCDMA view, CDMA view. * VoLTE system architecture LTE radio, LTE Radio background, LTE radio architecture, Evolved packet core, EPC entities & functions, EPS mobility management, MS entities, Home subscriber server, Policy & charging rules function. * VoLTE functionality Radio functionality, Bearers & schedulers, Mobility, Circuit switched fall back handover, Mobility from 2G/3G back to LTE, Power Saving Features, Positioning services, UE radio access capabilities for VoLTE users. EPC functionalities, LTE subscriber identification, PDN connectivity establishment, EPS dedicated bearer setup, IMS identification, IP multimedia identification module, Public user identity, Private user identity, Relationship between public & private identity, identification of users device, identification of network entities, identification of services, identification without ISIM. IMS service provisioning, Enforcement of allowed services, Service triggering information, Selection of the AS, AS behaviour, Service provisioning in action. * VoLTE end-to-end & signalling VoLTE subscription & device configuration. EPS attach for CSFB/IMS VoIP & default bearer. IMS registration, Constructing the REGISTER request, From UE to P-CSCF, From P-CSCF to I-CSCF, From I-CSCF to S-CSCF, S-CSCF challenges the UE, UE's response to the challenge, Registration at the S-CSCF, The 200 OK response, Third-party registration to application servers, Subscription to registration event package, Re-registration & re-authentication, De-registration, Related standards. IMS VoIP session, Constructing the INVITE request, Routing, Media negotiation, Media resource reservation & policy control, Charging, Session release. Voice continuity, PS - PS intersystem handover, Single radio voice call continuity. IMS emergency session, PDN Connection setup for emergency session, Emergency registration, Emergency session. CS fallback for EPS call case, Architecture of CS fallback in EPS, Description of SGs interface, Idle mode signalling reduction, Idle mode vs active mode, CS fallback attachment, Mobile originating call using CSFB, Mobile terminating call using CSFB, Call unrelated CSFB procedures, Mobile terminating roaming retry & forwarding. VoLTE Messaging, Native IMS messages, SMS interworking, Multimedia messaging service. Unstructured supplementary services data simulation in IMS. * IMS services VoLTE radio performance Coverage, Latency, Capacity. * LTE advanced features Carrier aggregation, Coordinated mMulti-point Operation (CoMP), ICIC & eICIC, Relay node deployment & donor eNBs, Improved cell edge coverage, Reduced control plane latency, Heterogeneous networks, HeNB, security gateways, HeNB gateways.

CONCISE CISCO ROUTERS COURSE DESCRIPTION A fast paced practical hands on introduction to Cisco routers concentrating on basic product knowledge needed for the real world. Starts with the basics of routing through configuring static routes, RIP, OSPF, and EIGRP ending with access lists. Hands on sessions follow all the major chapters with a major practical at the end to reinforce all that was learnt in the course. WHAT WILL YOU LEARN * Use the Cisco setup script. * Use the Cisco command line. * Perform basic troubleshooting. * Configure - Interfaces - RIP, IGRP - OSPF, EIGRP CONCISE CISCO ROUTERS COURSE DETAILS * Who will benefit: Anyone who will be working with Cisco routers. In particular: Network Administrators, Field engineers, Network support personnel * Prerequisites: None, although a knowledge of the TCP/IP protocols would be advantageous. * Duration 3 days CONCISE CISCO ROUTERS COURSE CONTENT * Basics of routing What are routers? Network protocols, Routing protocols. * The Cisco routers Router models, The IOS, DRAM, SRAM, NVRAM, Flash, ROM and boot flash. * Getting started Accessing the router, installing a Cisco, using the setup script. * The command line interface User and privilege modes, online help show, debug, basic troubleshooting * Configuring Ciscos The configuration editor, Global, major and sub commands, enable, secret and other passwords, telnet. * Miscellaneous exercises Buffered logging, web access, CDP… * Subnetting IP addressing rules. The need for subnetting, subnet masks, Calculating network numbers. * Configuring Interfaces Basics, Ethernet, Serial lines, PPP, DCE, loopback interfaces. * Static routes Why use static routes? Configuring static routes, default routes. * Configuring RIP and IGRP How they work, configuration, troubleshooting. * OSPF Configuration and troubleshooting. * EIGRP Configuration and troubleshooting. * Housekeeping Configuration management, offline editing and TFTP usage. Cisco boot sequence, IOS upgrades. Bypassing Cisco passwords. * Access lists What are access lists? General rules, basic and extended IP access lists. * Putting it all together A series of exercises based around, installs, adds, moves, changes, upgrades and troubleshootin

IP BROADCAST TRAINING COURSE DESCRIPTION A current hot topic in recent years has been the provision of multimedia services over IP networks aka triple or quadruple play. This course investigates the characteristics of video transmission and then studies the impact on IP networks. WHAT WILL YOU LEARN * Use Wireshark to analyse and troubleshoot TV streams. * Describe techniques, which can be used in IP to provide low uniform delay. * Evaluate IPTV technologies. * Design data networks, which will support IPTV. IP BROADCAST TRAINING COURSE DETAILS * Who will benefit: Anyone working in broadcast. * Prerequisites: TCP/IP foundation for engineers * Duration 3 days IP BROADCAST TRAINING COURSE CONTENTS * What is IPTV? What is IP? What is TV? Pixels, frames, colour, digital modulation, digital video broadcasting. SDTV, HDTV, 4K. IPTV architectures, Contribution, distribution, delivery. IPTV standards. Hands on Base IP connectivity, VLC. * IPTV protocol stacks IP, TCP, UDP, RTP. IPv6. HTTP. Bandwidth requirements. Hands on IPTV bandwidth calculations. * Video codecs What is a CODEC, pictures and audio, digitisation, sampling, quantisation, encoding, compressing. MPEG, bit rates, resolution. I, B, P frames, GOP. MPEG 2, MPEG 4, H.264, H.265, VP9, AV1. Hands on Analysing MPEG frames. * IP issues Quality vs. bandwidth. Bandwidth, delay, latency, jitter, signalling. Routers. Hands on Analysing jitter and other performance issues. * IPTV performance and QoS IP DSCP field, queuing strategies; FIFO, WFQ, custom, priority, RED. Differentiated services, Diffserv. 802.1Q. Traffic shaping. QoE. Hands on best effort versus prioritisation. * UDP versus TCP Reliable, unreliable, connection oriented, connectionless. Broadcasts, multicasts and unicasts. TCP flow control, TCP and performance. Hands on TCP window sizes. * RTP RTP, ports, mixers, translators, RTCP, SMPTE, FEC. Hands on RTP analysis with Wireshark. * Multicasting Multicasting compared to unicasting and broadcasting, when to use and when not to use multicasting. IGMP, PIM-SM, SSM. MLD. Hands on Analysing multicast streams. * OTT TV HTTP, HTTPS, Chunked HTTP. Adaptive streaming. HTML5. DASH vs HLS. Hands on Analysing HTTP streams. * Security Firewalls, TLS, DRM, watermarking. Encryption. Geolocation. VPNs. * IPTV architecture and other protocols Content providers, Service providers, delivery networks, home networks. Caching, Service discovery. RTSP. SAP, SDP. DHCP, DNS, NTP

VOIP TRAINING COURSE DESCRIPTION Convergence of voice and data is now a common place mainstream technology. Our Voice Over IP course investigates the characteristics of voice transmission and then studies the impact on IP networks. Practical sessions with soft phones, hard phones and gateways allow the students to see all aspects of VoIP. Network analysers are used to study packets on the wire. WHAT WILL YOU LEARN * Describe the issues of voice and data convergence. * Describe techniques, which can be used in IP to provide low uniform delay. * Evaluate VoIP technologies. * Design data networks, which will support voice. VOIP TRAINING COURSE DETAILS * Who will benefit: Anyone working in the field of networking or telecommunications. * Prerequisites: TCP/IP foundation for engineers Intro to data communications & networking * Duration 3 days VOIP TRAINING COURSE CONTENTS * What is VoIP Voice over IP, brief review of IP, brief review of telephones and voice. * Configuring IP softphones What are softphones? Downloading, installing. Hands on Building the base IP network, a simple VoIP call with softphones, Internet telephony. * Addressing E164, FQDN, IP addresses, URIs, DNS, SIP addressing, H.323 addressing. * VoIP issues Bandwidth, Delay, Jitter, digitising voice, digitisation steps, coding, quality issues, MOS, voice compression, silence suppression, packetising voice, prioritising voice, jitter buffers. Hands on Simple packet analysis. * Architectures Desktop, backbone, gateway, hard phones, PoE, integrating phones and PCs, carriers, Softswitches. Hands on Integrating Softphones, hard phones and analog phones. * IP performance and QoS ITU delay recommendations, IP DSCP field, DiffServ, IP precedence, queuing strategies; FIFO, WFQ, custom, priority, RED, LLQ. * VoIP protocol stack RTP, RTCP, mixers and translators, RSVP. Bandwidth, Erlang models, link layer overhead. Hands on Calculating VoIP bandwidth, analysing RTP packets. * ITU Recommendation H.323 Architecture, protocols, terminals, Call setup, Gatekeepers, gateway discovery, H.323 registration with a gatekeeper. Hands on PC to PC using H.323. * IETF - Session Initiation Protocol What is SIP? SIP protocol stack, SDP, Sip architecture, SIP messages, Initial SIP phone startup, SIP servers, proxy server, redirect server. Hands on PC to PC using SIP. * Carrier networks Signalling systems, SS7, media gateways, Media gateway controllers, signalling gateways, MGCP, Megaco, SIGTRAN. Hands on PSTN interworking. * Video over IP Video components, digital video, pictures and audio, video codecs, issues and solutions, video conferencing, multipoint video conferencing, video protocol stack. * Appendix 1: Multicasting. * Appendix 2: Voice/data integration without IP.

DATABASE DESIGN TRAINING COURSE DESCRIPTION Although this course mentions Microsoft Access the same course can be run with a variety of different databases. The duration of the course is dependent on the experience of the delegates. WHAT WILL YOU LEARN * Name and give 3 types of database structure. * Explain the difference between standard SQL and different flavours. * Use SQL statements to query databases. * Use SQL statements to query and define databases. * Describe the principles of relational database design and 3 types of relational joins. * Normalise a given flat file table into relational tables. DATABASE DESIGN TRAINING COURSE DETAILS * Who will benefit: Anyone who needs to be able to design an efficient, watertight database following the best practice of the principles of Relational Database design. * Prerequisites: None. * Duration 3 days DATABASE DESIGN TRAINING COURSE CONTENTS * Database structure and terminology. * Principles of Relational Database Design. * Types of relationship. * Normal Forms. * Practical examples of relational database design. * Hands-on creation of a database. * On paper design a relational database applicable to the delegates work.

MPLS TRAINING COURSE DESCRIPTION A hands-on introduction to MPLS covering the basics of what MPLS is and how to configure it, through to more advanced concepts such as MPLS VPNs and traffic engineering with MPLS. WHAT WILL YOU LEARN * Describe MPLS * Explain how MPLS works * Describe the interaction between OSPF/IS-IS/BGP and MPLS * Describe MPLS traffic engineering MPLS TRAINING COURSE DETAILS * Who will benefit: Anyone working with MPLS. * Prerequisites: IP Routing BGP * Duration 3 days MPLS TRAINING COURSE CONTENTS * What is MPLS? What does MPLS stand for? What is MPLS? Core MPLS, MPLS and the 7 layer model, MPLS is a protocol, MPLS is a standard, MPLS runs on routers, MPLS history, Why MPLS? For service providers, For enterprises. * MPLS Architecture Label Switch Routers, two types of LSR, PE and P router roles, FEC, swapping labels, MPLS packet format, Loops, TTL control. Hands on: Building the base network. Enabling MPLS. Simple testing and troubleshooting of MPLS. * Label distribution Label review, label switch path, label distribution methods, piggybacking, Label distribution Protocols, LDP, LDP operation, LDP packets, discovery messages, session messages, advertisement messages, notification message, Label Information Base, routing tables, the LFIB, MPLS forwarding, penultimate hop popping, handling labels, LSP control modes, when to distribute labels, how long to keep labels, aggregation, label merging. Hands on: LDP traffic analysis. * MPLS TE and QoS What is MPLS TE? Why TE? TE versus shorted path, how MPLS TE works, CR-LDP, OSPF-TE, IS-IS-TE, TE with BGP, RSVP-TE, MPLS Fast reroute, MPLS QoS. Hands on: Enabling MPLS-TE. * BFD BFD, hello the BFD protocol. * MPLS VPN What is a VPN? MPLS VPN types, MPLS VPN comparison, MPLS L3 VPN, VRFs, MBGP, MPLS VPN architecture, VRF RD, VRF RT, the label stack, L2 VPNs, VPWS, AToM, VPLS. Hands on: MPLS L3 VPN setup, troubleshooting.

TOTAL QOS TRAINING COURSE DESCRIPTION An advanced technical hands on course focusing on Quality of Service issues in IP networks. WHAT WILL YOU LEARN * Explain the difference between Integrated services and differentiated services. * Explain how DiffServ works. * Explain how RSVP works. * Design networks supporting QoS. TOTAL QOS TRAINING COURSE DETAILS * Who will benefit: Network administrators. Network operators. * Prerequisites: TCP/IP Foundation for engineers * Duration 3 days TOTAL QOS TRAINING COURSE CONTENTS * What is QoS QoS and CoS, throwing bandwidth at the problem, Best effort services, Differentiated services, Integrated services, guarantees, the need for QoS, IETF working groups. * Application issues Video, Voice, other applications, Jitter, delay, packet loss. Flows, per flow and per aggregate QoS, Stateful vs. stateless QoS, applications vs. network QoS. * 'Traditional' IP QoS The TOS field and precedence, the obsolete OSPF use of the TOS field, TCP congestion avoidance. * Queuing Where to use queuing, FIFO, Priority queuing, Custom queuing, Weighted Fair Queuing, CBWFQ, PQWFQ, LLQ, RED and WRED. * DiffServ Architecture, DSCP, CU, packet classification and marking, meters and conditioners, Bandwidth brokers and COPS, Per Hop Behaviours, best effort PHB, Assured Forwarding PHB, Expedited forwarding PHB, Network Based Application Recognition (NBAR). * Layer 2 issues Fragmentation and interleaving, compression (codecs, MPEG formats, header compression…), 802.1p, Subnet bandwidth management, Bandwidth allocators and requestor modules, the use of MPLS, traffic engineering, traffic shaping. * RSVP What is RSVP? architectures, paths, path messages, reservations, traffic specifications, tear downs, guaranteed and controlled load, token buckets, Call Admission Control in voice networks, gatekeepers. * Other issues Policy based routing, the Resource Allocation Protocol, QoS management tools, baselining networks, design issues, QoS in IPv6, QoS and multicasts.

APACHE TRAINING COURSE DESCRIPTION A hands on training course covering installation, configuration and management of the Apache web server. WHAT WILL YOU LEARN * Install Apache. * Configure Apache. * Manage Apache. * Build static and dynamic web sites with Apache. * Secure Apache. APACHE TRAINING COURSE DETAILS * Who will benefit: Technical staff working with Apache. * Prerequisites: TCP/IP foundation for engineers. UNIX fundamentals * Duration 3 days APACHE TRAINING COURSE CONTENTS * Installing Apache What is Apache? Apache versions, history, downloading Apache, source distribution, compilation, binary distribution, installation, platform considerations. Hands on Downloading and installing Apache. * Controlling the Apache server Running Apache, automatic Apache start, starting, stopping, restarting Apache. Checking Apache status. Hands on Server control. * Configuration Serving webpages, setting the document root, applying configuration changes, Configuration files, httpd.conf, syntax, directives, modules, utilities, turning features on/off. Hands on basic Apache configuration. * More configuration MIME, URL mapping, content negotiation, indexing, performance tuning. * Logging log file content, configuration, log file locations, error logging, browser errors, error page configuration, forbidden index pages. Hands on Log files. * Security File permissions, .htaccess, protecting files with passwords, password files, authentication, restricting access by IP address. * Secure HTTP HTTPS, installing mod_ssl, certificates, configuring mod_ssl, http and https coexistence * Virtual hosts Multiple sites on one server, separate configuration files, IP based, name based, port based, virtual host names, enabling, defining, configuring, aliases, testing, https virtual hosts. Hands on Virtual hosts. * Dynamic sites Dynamic sites, CGI, PHP, PERL, CGI programs, example CGI scripts, Apache and CGI, CGI parameters, CGI issues, PHP, mod_php, Perl and Apache, mod_perl, installing mod_perl. Hands on CGI, PHP and Perl with Apache. * Modules What are modules, standard modules, loading modules, mod_speling, mod_rewrite, other special purpose modules, URL rewriting, redirection, URL transformation, browser dependent pages. Hands on Working with modules.

WEB DEVELOPMENT TRAINING COURSE DESCRIPTION This three-day course helps build a foundation in the development of Web applications. This is not a HTML course but covers the technologies needed to develop web applications. Technologies covered include: ASP.NET, XML, AJAX and HTTP error codes. WHAT WILL YOU LEARN * Program Web applications. * Work with data and services. * Troubleshoot and debug Web applications. * Work with client side scripting. * Configure and deploy web applications. WEB DEVELOPMENT TRAINING COURSE DETAILS * Who will benefit: Anyone looking for an introduction to web development. * Prerequisites: None. * Duration 3 days WEB DEVELOPMENT TRAINING COURSE CONTENTS * Programming web applications * Customise the layout and appearance of a web page CSS; tables; embedding images; page layout for navigation. * Understand ASP.NET intrinsic objects Request; Server; Application; Session; Response; HttpContext. * Understand state information in web applications Understand how state is stored based on application design and hardware; understand different types such as session state, view state, control state and application state. * Understand events and control page flow Application and page life cycle events; page events; control events; application events; session events; cross-page posting; Response.Redirect; Server.Transfer; IsPostBack; setting AutoEventWireup. * Understand controls Understanding various types of controls, including user, server, web and validation controls; know which is the appropriate type of control for a scenario. * Understand configuration files Understanding the usage of web.config and machine.config, and the settings that can be made. * Working with data and services * Read and write XML data Understanding XML, XML validation Does not include: Web services; XPath syntax; XmlDocument; XPathNavigator; XPathNodeIterator; XPathDocument; XmlReader; XmlWriter; XmlDataDocument; XmlNamespaceManager. * Distinguish between DataSet & DataReader objects The ability to choose the proper data object to use based on application requirements/design. * Call a service from a web page Creating a basic WCF service or web service so that it can be consumed; App_WebReferences; configuration. * Understand DataSource controls LinqDataSource: ObjectDataSource; XmlDataSource; SqlDataSource. * Bind controls to data by using data binding syntax Ensure that data is updated and displayed in data-aware controls. * Manage data connections and databases Database connections; connection objects; connection pools; transaction objects. * Troubleshooting and debugging web applications * Debug a web application Use in conjunction with custom error pages to display appropriate error information to the appropriate user; implement tracing of a web application, Trace.axd, Trace=True on @Page directive. * Handle web application errors HTTP error codes. * Working with client-side scripting * Understand client-side scripting Purpose of client-side scripting; various client-side scripting languages. LE/370 and Intrinsic Functions. * Understand AJAX concepts ASP.NET AJAX implementation; working with client-side libraries, EnablePartialRendering, Triggers, ChildrenAsTriggers, Scripts, Services, UpdateProgress, Timer, ScriptManagerProxy, extender controls. * Configuring and deploying web applications * Configure authentication and authorisation Forms authentication, Windows authentication; authorisation; file authorisation; impersonation Does not include: Windows Cardspace authentication, Passport (Windows Live ID) authentication, Custom authentication. * Configure projects, solutions and reference assemblies Local assemblies; shared assemblies (GAC); web application projects; solutions; configuration files; AppSettings. * Publish web applications Choosing the appropriate method to deploy an application based on existing or intended environment; updatable vs. not updateable; MSI deployment; Internet Information Server (IIS) installation and configuration. * Understand application pools Purpose of application pools; effect of application pools on web applications.